TaareWiki | Site / Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra

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(:title Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra :)

The project started with winter solstice 2009 activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

http://img36.imageshack.us/img36/4728/img0225cv.jpg

Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

Altitude and Azimuth Observations taken by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read. The image below is showing the shadow on the wall, from where we can read the calibrations for altitude and azimuth tangent to the curve of the shadow.

http://img265.imageshack.us/img265/1042/22432546.jpg

The shadow moves up and down on the walls and on the strokes at different angles of altitude and azimuth at different times of the day.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 22nd DEC'09

The Sun was bright on this day with very little clouds. We managed to take almost 30 readings in the Northern Instrument for both Altitude and azimuth of sun, of which the graphs have been plotted below.

We found while taking the data that the instrument is in a really bad condition at lot of places where there are no calibration marks of the degrees for altitude. In this case we measured the distance of the wall from the bottom and took that distance to the wall with better calibrations in order to convert the distance in degrees, which definately give rise to errors.

(Data to be entered)

S No.	Date	Time	Observed Altitude	Theoretical Altitude	Observed Azimuth	Theoretical Azimuth	Remarks
1.	22nd dec'09	9:38:34	23	25	138	139
2.	"	9.41.06	23.5	25.5	139	139.6

The theoretical values were obtained for the corresponding times of observation, from the NASA Horizons Solar System Dynamics ephemerides at:

http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/

Some graphical representations of the data collected

Sun Altitude versus time of observation

http://img9.imageshack.us/img9/3442/alttheoexptime.png

Sun Azimuth versus time of observation

http://img109.imageshack.us/img109/327/azitheoexptime.png

Feedback

Is the polynomial fit to the observed points? Might do a polynomial fit separately to the observed points and to the theoretical values, and see how close they are in the fitted parameters.

Theoretical derivation of the change in Sun altitude as a function of time - you will find it when people talk of Altitude sundials - would be a good idea.

There are some outrider data points (very obviously deviant) - remove these points and fir again and then check between the observed and theoretical values.

In both the figures above, plot the observed values as discrete data points and the theoretical values as a continous line. The plot should then have - obs Alt or Az vs time and also theoretical Alt and Azm vs time in the same graph.

Do not keep the labels as A and B and so on. Make the labels to be the actual quantities plotted - Altitude, Azimuth, Time and so on.

Sun Altitude - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img519.imageshack.us/img519/51/alttheoexp.png

Sun Azimuth - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img532.imageshack.us/img532/5858/aziexptheo.png

Feedback

In both the figures above, plot a simple Y=X line to see how the points are scattered around that.

Plots of errors in altitude and azimuth as a function of measured lengths to the shadow and the corresponding masonary parameters - like errors in gnomon height, inclination, zero azimuth point and the sector widths for azimuth measurement - should give a handle on these intrinsic errors of the instrument. Starting with the equations defining the Altitude and Azimuth and differentiating these equations, should lead one the the useful equations for these plots.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 23rd Feb'10

We took around 60 readings on this day in both the cylinders between 10:30hrs to 17:30hrs. The movement of the shadow this time was more on the strokes than on the wall. We also observed that there is a calibration error in the southern cylinder in the azimuth reading of 6 degrees. Later in the evening the trees around and the buildings also stopped the sun ray to make the shadow.

We observed overall, that there are lots of calibration error in the instrument which are possibly there because of the bad restoration of the instrument.

Acknowledgements

(To be written)

Useful Reerences

Errors of a sundial

Horizontal altitude sundial

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(:title Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra :)

The project started with winter solstice 2009 activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

http://img36.imageshack.us/img36/4728/img0225cv.jpg

Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

Altitude and Azimuth Observations taken by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read. The image below is showing the shadow on the wall, from where we can read the calibrations for altitude and azimuth tangent to the curve of the shadow.

http://img265.imageshack.us/img265/1042/22432546.jpg

The shadow moves up and down on the walls and on the strokes at different angles of altitude and azimuth at different times of the day.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 22nd DEC'09

The Sun was bright on this day with very little clouds. We managed to take almost 30 readings in the Northern Instrument for both Altitude and azimuth of sun, of which the graphs have been plotted below.

We found while taking the data that the instrument is in a really bad condition at lot of places where there are no calibration marks of the degrees for altitude. In this case we measured the distance of the wall from the bottom and took that distance to the wall with better calibrations in order to convert the distance in degrees, which definately give rise to errors.

(Data to be entered)

S No.	Date	Time	Observed Altitude	Theoretical Altitude	Observed Azimuth	Theoretical Azimuth	Remarks
1.	22nd dec'09	9:38:34	23	25	138	139
2.	"	9.41.06	23.5	25.5	139	139.6

The theoretical values were obtained for the corresponding times of observation, from the NASA Horizons Solar System Dynamics ephemerides at:

http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/

Some graphical representations of the data collected

Sun Altitude versus time of observation

http://img9.imageshack.us/img9/3442/alttheoexptime.png

Sun Azimuth versus time of observation

http://img109.imageshack.us/img109/327/azitheoexptime.png

Feedback

Is the polynomial fit to the observed points? Might do a polynomial fit separately to the observed points and to the theoretical values, and see how close they are in the fitted parameters.

Theoretical derivation of the change in Sun altitude as a function of time - you will find it when people talk of Altitude sundials - would be a good idea.

There are some outrider data points (very obviously deviant) - remove these points and fir again and then check between the observed and theoretical values.

In both the figures above, plot the observed values as discrete data points and the theoretical values as a continous line. The plot should then have - obs Alt or Az vs time and also theoretical Alt and Azm vs time in the same graph.

Do not keep the labels as A and B and so on. Make the labels to be the actual quantities plotted - Altitude, Azimuth, Time and so on.

Sun Altitude - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img519.imageshack.us/img519/51/alttheoexp.png

Sun Azimuth - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img532.imageshack.us/img532/5858/aziexptheo.png

Feedback

In both the figures above, plot a simple Y=X line to see how the points are scattered around that.

Plots of errors in altitude and azimuth as a function of measured lengths to the shadow and the corresponding masonary parameters - like errors in gnomon height, inclination, zero azimuth point and the sector widths for azimuth measurement - should give a handle on these intrinsic errors of the instrument. Starting with the equations defining the Altitude and Azimuth and differentiating these equations, should lead one the the useful equations for these plots.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 23rd Feb'10

We took around 60 readings on this day in both the cylinders between 10:30hrs to 17:30hrs. The movement of the shadow this time was more on the strokes than on the wall. We also observed that there is a calibration error in the southern cylinder in the azimuth reading of 6 degrees. Later in the evening the trees around and the buildings also stopped the sun ray to make the shadow.

We observed overall, that there are lots of calibration error in the instrument which are possibly there because of the bad restoration of the instrument.

Acknowledgements

(To be written)

Useful Reerences

Errors of a sundial

Horizontal altitude sundial

to:

xy6log <a href="http://sletrwroaxft.com/">sletrwroaxft</a>, [url=http://rjsbhwhbrqhb.com/]rjsbhwhbrqhb[/url], [link=http://jsxetetfkmlr.com/]jsxetetfkmlr[/link], http://rbuprjkshjev.com/

March 16, 2010, at 11:24 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Changed lines 1-101 from:

4u7PGx <a href="http://cqnwrrgqfuge.com/">cqnwrrgqfuge</a>, [url=http://bhdswwathmrt.com/]bhdswwathmrt[/url], [link=http://apdxarjvsqql.com/]apdxarjvsqql[/link], http://cxwmdrjbmvmb.com/

to:

(:title Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra :)

The project started with winter solstice 2009 activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

http://img36.imageshack.us/img36/4728/img0225cv.jpg

Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

Altitude and Azimuth Observations taken by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read. The image below is showing the shadow on the wall, from where we can read the calibrations for altitude and azimuth tangent to the curve of the shadow.

http://img265.imageshack.us/img265/1042/22432546.jpg

The shadow moves up and down on the walls and on the strokes at different angles of altitude and azimuth at different times of the day.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 22nd DEC'09

The Sun was bright on this day with very little clouds. We managed to take almost 30 readings in the Northern Instrument for both Altitude and azimuth of sun, of which the graphs have been plotted below.

We found while taking the data that the instrument is in a really bad condition at lot of places where there are no calibration marks of the degrees for altitude. In this case we measured the distance of the wall from the bottom and took that distance to the wall with better calibrations in order to convert the distance in degrees, which definately give rise to errors.

(Data to be entered)

S No.	Date	Time	Observed Altitude	Theoretical Altitude	Observed Azimuth	Theoretical Azimuth	Remarks
1.	22nd dec'09	9:38:34	23	25	138	139
2.	"	9.41.06	23.5	25.5	139	139.6

The theoretical values were obtained for the corresponding times of observation, from the NASA Horizons Solar System Dynamics ephemerides at:

http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/

Some graphical representations of the data collected

Sun Altitude versus time of observation

http://img9.imageshack.us/img9/3442/alttheoexptime.png

Sun Azimuth versus time of observation

http://img109.imageshack.us/img109/327/azitheoexptime.png

Feedback

Is the polynomial fit to the observed points? Might do a polynomial fit separately to the observed points and to the theoretical values, and see how close they are in the fitted parameters.

Theoretical derivation of the change in Sun altitude as a function of time - you will find it when people talk of Altitude sundials - would be a good idea.

There are some outrider data points (very obviously deviant) - remove these points and fir again and then check between the observed and theoretical values.

In both the figures above, plot the observed values as discrete data points and the theoretical values as a continous line. The plot should then have - obs Alt or Az vs time and also theoretical Alt and Azm vs time in the same graph.

Do not keep the labels as A and B and so on. Make the labels to be the actual quantities plotted - Altitude, Azimuth, Time and so on.

Sun Altitude - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img519.imageshack.us/img519/51/alttheoexp.png

Sun Azimuth - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img532.imageshack.us/img532/5858/aziexptheo.png

Feedback

In both the figures above, plot a simple Y=X line to see how the points are scattered around that.

Plots of errors in altitude and azimuth as a function of measured lengths to the shadow and the corresponding masonary parameters - like errors in gnomon height, inclination, zero azimuth point and the sector widths for azimuth measurement - should give a handle on these intrinsic errors of the instrument. Starting with the equations defining the Altitude and Azimuth and differentiating these equations, should lead one the the useful equations for these plots.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 23rd Feb'10

We took around 60 readings on this day in both the cylinders between 10:30hrs to 17:30hrs. The movement of the shadow this time was more on the strokes than on the wall. We also observed that there is a calibration error in the southern cylinder in the azimuth reading of 6 degrees. Later in the evening the trees around and the buildings also stopped the sun ray to make the shadow.

We observed overall, that there are lots of calibration error in the instrument which are possibly there because of the bad restoration of the instrument.

Acknowledgements

(To be written)

Useful Reerences

Errors of a sundial

Horizontal altitude sundial

March 16, 2010, at 09:26 AM EST by lxidxqois - 0.00761421319796954

Changed line 1 from:

ywITIp <a href="http://vdrouahpgmmx.com/">vdrouahpgmmx</a>, [url=http://mdphcsqfmmox.com/]mdphcsqfmmox[/url], [link=http://orufknnmeeqi.com/]orufknnmeeqi[/link], http://lnkcwhdnihmc.com/

to:

4u7PGx <a href="http://cqnwrrgqfuge.com/">cqnwrrgqfuge</a>, [url=http://bhdswwathmrt.com/]bhdswwathmrt[/url], [link=http://apdxarjvsqql.com/]apdxarjvsqql[/link], http://cxwmdrjbmvmb.com/

March 16, 2010, at 08:43 AM EST by rsfpenoss - NpgJVjtHqkKThc

Changed line 1 from:

IYeYFB ? <a href="http://jbmbxnpdezba.com/">jbmbxnpdezba</a>, [url=http://nahiywkrsctw.com/]nahiywkrsctw[/url], [link=http://ofoqhpzryioc.com/]ofoqhpzryioc[/link], http://mdepihfaboag.com/

to:

ywITIp <a href="http://vdrouahpgmmx.com/">vdrouahpgmmx</a>, [url=http://mdphcsqfmmox.com/]mdphcsqfmmox[/url], [link=http://orufknnmeeqi.com/]orufknnmeeqi[/link], http://lnkcwhdnihmc.com/

March 16, 2010, at 07:37 AM EST by fdklhoyk - 0.00761421319796954

Changed lines 1-101 from:

(:title Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra :)

The project started with winter solstice 2009 activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

http://img36.imageshack.us/img36/4728/img0225cv.jpg

Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

Altitude and Azimuth Observations taken by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read. The image below is showing the shadow on the wall, from where we can read the calibrations for altitude and azimuth tangent to the curve of the shadow.

http://img265.imageshack.us/img265/1042/22432546.jpg

The shadow moves up and down on the walls and on the strokes at different angles of altitude and azimuth at different times of the day.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 22nd DEC'09

The Sun was bright on this day with very little clouds. We managed to take almost 30 readings in the Northern Instrument for both Altitude and azimuth of sun, of which the graphs have been plotted below.

We found while taking the data that the instrument is in a really bad condition at lot of places where there are no calibration marks of the degrees for altitude. In this case we measured the distance of the wall from the bottom and took that distance to the wall with better calibrations in order to convert the distance in degrees, which definately give rise to errors.

(Data to be entered)

S No.	Date	Time	Observed Altitude	Theoretical Altitude	Observed Azimuth	Theoretical Azimuth	Remarks
1.	22nd dec'09	9:38:34	23	25	138	139
2.	"	9.41.06	23.5	25.5	139	139.6

The theoretical values were obtained for the corresponding times of observation, from the NASA Horizons Solar System Dynamics ephemerides at:

http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/

Some graphical representations of the data collected

Sun Altitude versus time of observation

http://img9.imageshack.us/img9/3442/alttheoexptime.png

Sun Azimuth versus time of observation

http://img109.imageshack.us/img109/327/azitheoexptime.png

Feedback

Is the polynomial fit to the observed points? Might do a polynomial fit separately to the observed points and to the theoretical values, and see how close they are in the fitted parameters.

Theoretical derivation of the change in Sun altitude as a function of time - you will find it when people talk of Altitude sundials - would be a good idea.

There are some outrider data points (very obviously deviant) - remove these points and fir again and then check between the observed and theoretical values.

In both the figures above, plot the observed values as discrete data points and the theoretical values as a continous line. The plot should then have - obs Alt or Az vs time and also theoretical Alt and Azm vs time in the same graph.

Do not keep the labels as A and B and so on. Make the labels to be the actual quantities plotted - Altitude, Azimuth, Time and so on.

Sun Altitude - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img519.imageshack.us/img519/51/alttheoexp.png

Sun Azimuth - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img532.imageshack.us/img532/5858/aziexptheo.png

Feedback

In both the figures above, plot a simple Y=X line to see how the points are scattered around that.

Plots of errors in altitude and azimuth as a function of measured lengths to the shadow and the corresponding masonary parameters - like errors in gnomon height, inclination, zero azimuth point and the sector widths for azimuth measurement - should give a handle on these intrinsic errors of the instrument. Starting with the equations defining the Altitude and Azimuth and differentiating these equations, should lead one the the useful equations for these plots.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 23rd Feb'10

We took around 60 readings on this day in both the cylinders between 10:30hrs to 17:30hrs. The movement of the shadow this time was more on the strokes than on the wall. We also observed that there is a calibration error in the southern cylinder in the azimuth reading of 6 degrees. Later in the evening the trees around and the buildings also stopped the sun ray to make the shadow.

We observed overall, that there are lots of calibration error in the instrument which are possibly there because of the bad restoration of the instrument.

Acknowledgements

(To be written)

Useful Reerences

Errors of a sundial

Horizontal altitude sundial

to:

IYeYFB ? <a href="http://jbmbxnpdezba.com/">jbmbxnpdezba</a>, [url=http://nahiywkrsctw.com/]nahiywkrsctw[/url], [link=http://ofoqhpzryioc.com/]ofoqhpzryioc[/link], http://mdepihfaboag.com/

March 16, 2010, at 06:58 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Changed lines 1-101 from:

dtmWJO <a href="http://dcfmdumafyav.com/">dcfmdumafyav</a>, [url=http://ldhgpbjxniak.com/]ldhgpbjxniak[/url], [link=http://cbbyewkcwabf.com/]cbbyewkcwabf[/link], http://qkkwgtvtmpbi.com/

to:

(:title Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra :)

The project started with winter solstice 2009 activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

http://img36.imageshack.us/img36/4728/img0225cv.jpg

Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

Altitude and Azimuth Observations taken by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read. The image below is showing the shadow on the wall, from where we can read the calibrations for altitude and azimuth tangent to the curve of the shadow.

http://img265.imageshack.us/img265/1042/22432546.jpg

The shadow moves up and down on the walls and on the strokes at different angles of altitude and azimuth at different times of the day.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 22nd DEC'09

The Sun was bright on this day with very little clouds. We managed to take almost 30 readings in the Northern Instrument for both Altitude and azimuth of sun, of which the graphs have been plotted below.

We found while taking the data that the instrument is in a really bad condition at lot of places where there are no calibration marks of the degrees for altitude. In this case we measured the distance of the wall from the bottom and took that distance to the wall with better calibrations in order to convert the distance in degrees, which definately give rise to errors.

(Data to be entered)

S No.	Date	Time	Observed Altitude	Theoretical Altitude	Observed Azimuth	Theoretical Azimuth	Remarks
1.	22nd dec'09	9:38:34	23	25	138	139
2.	"	9.41.06	23.5	25.5	139	139.6

The theoretical values were obtained for the corresponding times of observation, from the NASA Horizons Solar System Dynamics ephemerides at:

http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/

Some graphical representations of the data collected

Sun Altitude versus time of observation

http://img9.imageshack.us/img9/3442/alttheoexptime.png

Sun Azimuth versus time of observation

http://img109.imageshack.us/img109/327/azitheoexptime.png

Feedback

Is the polynomial fit to the observed points? Might do a polynomial fit separately to the observed points and to the theoretical values, and see how close they are in the fitted parameters.

Theoretical derivation of the change in Sun altitude as a function of time - you will find it when people talk of Altitude sundials - would be a good idea.

There are some outrider data points (very obviously deviant) - remove these points and fir again and then check between the observed and theoretical values.

In both the figures above, plot the observed values as discrete data points and the theoretical values as a continous line. The plot should then have - obs Alt or Az vs time and also theoretical Alt and Azm vs time in the same graph.

Do not keep the labels as A and B and so on. Make the labels to be the actual quantities plotted - Altitude, Azimuth, Time and so on.

Sun Altitude - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img519.imageshack.us/img519/51/alttheoexp.png

Sun Azimuth - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img532.imageshack.us/img532/5858/aziexptheo.png

Feedback

In both the figures above, plot a simple Y=X line to see how the points are scattered around that.

Plots of errors in altitude and azimuth as a function of measured lengths to the shadow and the corresponding masonary parameters - like errors in gnomon height, inclination, zero azimuth point and the sector widths for azimuth measurement - should give a handle on these intrinsic errors of the instrument. Starting with the equations defining the Altitude and Azimuth and differentiating these equations, should lead one the the useful equations for these plots.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 23rd Feb'10

We took around 60 readings on this day in both the cylinders between 10:30hrs to 17:30hrs. The movement of the shadow this time was more on the strokes than on the wall. We also observed that there is a calibration error in the southern cylinder in the azimuth reading of 6 degrees. Later in the evening the trees around and the buildings also stopped the sun ray to make the shadow.

We observed overall, that there are lots of calibration error in the instrument which are possibly there because of the bad restoration of the instrument.

Acknowledgements

(To be written)

Useful Reerences

Errors of a sundial

Horizontal altitude sundial

March 16, 2010, at 06:17 AM EST by fogyjezq - 0.00761421319796954

Changed lines 1-101 from:

(:title Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra :)

The project started with winter solstice 2009 activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

http://img36.imageshack.us/img36/4728/img0225cv.jpg

Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

Altitude and Azimuth Observations taken by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read. The image below is showing the shadow on the wall, from where we can read the calibrations for altitude and azimuth tangent to the curve of the shadow.

http://img265.imageshack.us/img265/1042/22432546.jpg

The shadow moves up and down on the walls and on the strokes at different angles of altitude and azimuth at different times of the day.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 22nd DEC'09

The Sun was bright on this day with very little clouds. We managed to take almost 30 readings in the Northern Instrument for both Altitude and azimuth of sun, of which the graphs have been plotted below.

We found while taking the data that the instrument is in a really bad condition at lot of places where there are no calibration marks of the degrees for altitude. In this case we measured the distance of the wall from the bottom and took that distance to the wall with better calibrations in order to convert the distance in degrees, which definately give rise to errors.

(Data to be entered)

S No.	Date	Time	Observed Altitude	Theoretical Altitude	Observed Azimuth	Theoretical Azimuth	Remarks
1.	22nd dec'09	9:38:34	23	25	138	139
2.	"	9.41.06	23.5	25.5	139	139.6

The theoretical values were obtained for the corresponding times of observation, from the NASA Horizons Solar System Dynamics ephemerides at:

http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/

Some graphical representations of the data collected

Sun Altitude versus time of observation

http://img9.imageshack.us/img9/3442/alttheoexptime.png

Sun Azimuth versus time of observation

http://img109.imageshack.us/img109/327/azitheoexptime.png

Feedback

Is the polynomial fit to the observed points? Might do a polynomial fit separately to the observed points and to the theoretical values, and see how close they are in the fitted parameters.

Theoretical derivation of the change in Sun altitude as a function of time - you will find it when people talk of Altitude sundials - would be a good idea.

There are some outrider data points (very obviously deviant) - remove these points and fir again and then check between the observed and theoretical values.

In both the figures above, plot the observed values as discrete data points and the theoretical values as a continous line. The plot should then have - obs Alt or Az vs time and also theoretical Alt and Azm vs time in the same graph.

Do not keep the labels as A and B and so on. Make the labels to be the actual quantities plotted - Altitude, Azimuth, Time and so on.

Sun Altitude - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img519.imageshack.us/img519/51/alttheoexp.png

Sun Azimuth - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img532.imageshack.us/img532/5858/aziexptheo.png

Feedback

In both the figures above, plot a simple Y=X line to see how the points are scattered around that.

Plots of errors in altitude and azimuth as a function of measured lengths to the shadow and the corresponding masonary parameters - like errors in gnomon height, inclination, zero azimuth point and the sector widths for azimuth measurement - should give a handle on these intrinsic errors of the instrument. Starting with the equations defining the Altitude and Azimuth and differentiating these equations, should lead one the the useful equations for these plots.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 23rd Feb'10

We took around 60 readings on this day in both the cylinders between 10:30hrs to 17:30hrs. The movement of the shadow this time was more on the strokes than on the wall. We also observed that there is a calibration error in the southern cylinder in the azimuth reading of 6 degrees. Later in the evening the trees around and the buildings also stopped the sun ray to make the shadow.

We observed overall, that there are lots of calibration error in the instrument which are possibly there because of the bad restoration of the instrument.

Acknowledgements

(To be written)

Useful Reerences

Errors of a sundial

Horizontal altitude sundial

to:

dtmWJO <a href="http://dcfmdumafyav.com/">dcfmdumafyav</a>, [url=http://ldhgpbjxniak.com/]ldhgpbjxniak[/url], [link=http://cbbyewkcwabf.com/]cbbyewkcwabf[/link], http://qkkwgtvtmpbi.com/

February 26, 2010, at 12:40 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Changed line 50 from:

to:

February 26, 2010, at 12:40 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Added lines 49-56:

Is the polynomial fit to the observed points? Might do a polynomial fit separately to the observed points and to the theoretical values, and see how close they are in the fitted parameters.

Theoretical derivation of the change in Sun altitude as a function of time - you will find it when people talk of Altitude sundials - would be a good idea.

There are some outrider data points (very obviously deviant) - remove these points and fir again and then check between the observed and theoretical values.

February 24, 2010, at 10:55 AM EST by megha -

Changed lines 42-43 from:

http://img525.imageshack.us/img525/1386/alttheoexptime.jpg

to:

http://img9.imageshack.us/img9/3442/alttheoexptime.png

Changed lines 59-60 from:

http://img294.imageshack.us/img294/2799/alttheoexp22.png

to:

http://img519.imageshack.us/img519/51/alttheoexp.png

Changed line 63 from:

http://img97.imageshack.us/img97/6417/aziexptheo4.jpg

to:

http://img532.imageshack.us/img532/5858/aziexptheo.png

February 24, 2010, at 10:52 AM EST by megha -

Changed line 46 from:

http://img24.imageshack.us/img24/9708/azitimetheoexp.jpg

to:

http://img109.imageshack.us/img109/327/azitheoexptime.png

February 24, 2010, at 10:19 AM EST by megha -

Added lines 74-80:

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 23rd Feb'10

We took around 60 readings on this day in both the cylinders between 10:30hrs to 17:30hrs. The movement of the shadow this time was more on the strokes than on the wall. We also observed that there is a calibration error in the southern cylinder in the azimuth reading of 6 degrees. Later in the evening the trees around and the buildings also stopped the sun ray to make the shadow.

We observed overall, that there are lots of calibration error in the instrument which are possibly there because of the bad restoration of the instrument.

Added lines 90-92:

February 24, 2010, at 10:11 AM EST by megha -

Changed line 15 from:

http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/694/40216519.jpg

to:

http://img265.imageshack.us/img265/1042/22432546.jpg

February 24, 2010, at 10:07 AM EST by megha -

Changed line 15 from:

http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/6079/copyofproject544.th.jpg

to:

http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/694/40216519.jpg

February 24, 2010, at 10:01 AM EST by megha -

Deleted lines 8-13:

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance (7.1 m) and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read.

 http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/6079/copyofproject544.th.jpg

Added lines 11-25:

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read. The image below is showing the shadow on the wall, from where we can read the calibrations for altitude and azimuth tangent to the curve of the shadow.

http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/6079/copyofproject544.th.jpg

The shadow moves up and down on the walls and on the strokes at different angles of altitude and azimuth at different times of the day.

MEASUREMENTS DONE ON 22nd DEC'09

The Sun was bright on this day with very little clouds. We managed to take almost 30 readings in the Northern Instrument for both Altitude and azimuth of sun, of which the graphs have been plotted below.

We found while taking the data that the instrument is in a really bad condition at lot of places where there are no calibration marks of the degrees for altitude. In this case we measured the distance of the wall from the bottom and took that distance to the wall with better calibrations in order to convert the distance in degrees, which definately give rise to errors.

February 24, 2010, at 09:43 AM EST by megha -

Changed line 13 from:

  http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/6079/copyofproject544.th.jpg

to:

 http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/6079/copyofproject544.th.jpg

February 24, 2010, at 09:43 AM EST by megha -

Changed line 13 from:

  http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/6079/copyofproject544.jpg

to:

  http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/6079/copyofproject544.th.jpg

February 24, 2010, at 09:37 AM EST by megha -

Changed lines 13-14 from:

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to:

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February 24, 2010, at 09:35 AM EST by megha -

Changed line 13 from:

 http://img237.imageshack.us/i/copyofproject544.jpg/

to:

  http://img237.imageshack.us/img237/6079/copyofproject544.th.jpg

February 24, 2010, at 09:33 AM EST by megha -

Changed line 13 from:

http://img237.imageshack.us/i/copyofproject544.jpg/

to:

 http://img237.imageshack.us/i/copyofproject544.jpg/

February 24, 2010, at 09:31 AM EST by megha -

Changed lines 11-13 from:

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance (7.1 m) and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read.

to:

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and on the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance (7.1 m) and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read.

http://img237.imageshack.us/i/copyofproject544.jpg/

February 24, 2010, at 09:19 AM EST by megha -

Changed lines 9-11 from:

(To be written)

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects.

to:

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects. In this project we are we are measuring the altitude and azimuth of Sun during the day time in a time span of almost 5 - 6 hours.

The measurement of both altitude and azimuth is done simply by chasing the shadow of the gnomon on the wall and the strokes of the instrument. The wall, radius of the stroke and the gnomon are of same distance (7.1 m) and all three of them have calibrations of degrees on them so that the altitude and azimuth can be read.

February 24, 2010, at 01:11 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Deleted lines 11-12:

http://img704.imageshack.us/img704/378/jantarmantar12.jpg

February 23, 2010, at 10:14 AM EST by megha -

February 23, 2010, at 06:07 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Added lines 61-63:

Plots of errors in altitude and azimuth as a function of measured lengths to the shadow and the corresponding masonary parameters - like errors in gnomon height, inclination, zero azimuth point and the sector widths for azimuth measurement - should give a handle on these intrinsic errors of the instrument. Starting with the equations defining the Altitude and Azimuth and differentiating these equations, should lead one the the useful equations for these plots.

February 22, 2010, at 02:53 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Added lines 10-14:

Ram Yantra are twin cylindrical instruments for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of celestial objects.

http://img704.imageshack.us/img704/378/jantarmantar12.jpg

February 16, 2010, at 10:05 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Added lines 52-56:

Feedback

In both the figures above, plot a simple Y=X line to see how the points are scattered around that.

February 16, 2010, at 09:58 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Added lines 19-23:

The theoretical values were obtained for the corresponding times of observation, from the NASA Horizons Solar System Dynamics ephemerides at:

http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/

February 16, 2010, at 09:08 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Changed lines 11-12 from:

Altitude and Azimuth Observations take by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

to:

Altitude and Azimuth Observations taken by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

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http://img153.imageshack.us/img153/7207/azitime.gif

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http://img24.imageshack.us/img24/9708/azitimetheoexp.jpg

February 16, 2010, at 08:18 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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February 14, 2010, at 09:34 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

to:

Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

February 14, 2010, at 08:06 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Added lines 34-36:

Do not keep the labels as A and B and so on. Make the labels to be the actual quantities plotted - Altitude, Azimuth, Time and so on.

February 14, 2010, at 08:04 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Added lines 29-34:

Feedback

In both the figures above, plot the observed values as discrete data points and the theoretical values as a continous line. The plot should then have - obs Alt or Az vs time and also theoretical Alt and Azm vs time in the same graph.

February 14, 2010, at 07:45 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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<<<<<<<

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>>>>>>>

February 14, 2010, at 07:32 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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<<<<<<<

2.

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>>>>>>>

February 14, 2010, at 07:31 AM EST by megha -

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February 14, 2010, at 07:30 AM EST by megha -

Changed line 19 from:

2.

"

9.41.06

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February 14, 2010, at 07:28 AM EST by megha -

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22nd dec'09

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22nd dec'09

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139

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"

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139.6

February 14, 2010, at 07:27 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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Sun Azimuth versus time of obsrevation

%center http://img153.imageshack.us/img153/7207/azitime.gif

to:

Sun Azimuth versus time of observation

http://img153.imageshack.us/img153/7207/azitime.gif

Sun Altitude - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img294.imageshack.us/img294/2799/alttheoexp22.png

Sun Azimuth - Theoretical versus Observed

http://img97.imageshack.us/img97/6417/aziexptheo4.jpg

February 14, 2010, at 07:24 AM EST by deleted -

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22nd dec'09

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February 14, 2010, at 07:22 AM EST by 59.178.198.206 -

Changed line 11 from:

Altitude and Azimuth Observations take by Megha Rajoria and(?)

to:

Altitude and Azimuth Observations take by Megha Rajoria and Biplab Dutta

February 14, 2010, at 04:52 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Added lines 13-14:

(Data to be entered)

Added lines 18-29:

Some graphical representations of the data collected

Sun Altitude versus time of observation

http://img25.imageshack.us/img25/3007/alttime.gif

Sun Azimuth versus time of obsrevation

%center http://img153.imageshack.us/img153/7207/azitime.gif

February 14, 2010, at 03:00 AM EST by Rathnasree -

Changed lines 3-4 from:

The project started with winter solstice activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

to:

The project started with winter solstice 2009 activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

Added lines 7-20:

Method used for measuring Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun, using the Ram Yantra at the Delhi Jantar Mantar Observatory

(To be written)

Altitude and Azimuth Observations take by Megha Rajoria and(?)

S No.	Date	Time	Observed Altitude	Theoretical Altitude	Observed Azimuth	Theoretical Azimuth	Remarks
1.

Acknowledgements

(To be written)

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February 14, 2010, at 02:41 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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February 14, 2010, at 02:30 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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(Page under construction)

to:

(:title Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra :)

The project started with winter solstice activities at the Jantar Mantar, which also included discussions and observations using the Ram Yantra, which is a very user friendly instrument for easy measurement of the Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun in daytime. The instrument can also measure the altitude and azimuth of stars and planets at night time, but, more about that, later.

http://img404.imageshack.us/img404/9918/lightpollutionmap2.jpg

February 07, 2010, at 04:23 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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February 07, 2010, at 04:22 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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February 07, 2010, at 01:08 AM EST by Rathnasree -

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(Page under construction)

Useful Reerences

Errors of a sundial

Horizontal altitude sundial

Masonary Errors of the Ram Yantra

Site.ProjectOnMasonaryErrorsOfTheRamYantra History